Pakistan – Consultancy for WaSH Assessment


Country: Pakistan
Starting date: May – June  2023

Background:

Pakistan is among the most vulnerable countries to climate change. It is facing a rate of warming considerably higher than the global average, with a potential increase of 1.3 to 4.9 degrees Celsius by the 2090s[1]. According to the Pakistani Federal Flood Commission, has witnessed 28 super riverine floods in its 75-year history.

Since June 14 2022, Pakistan has been experiencing an abnormal monsoon rainy season, nearly three times as intense as the average for the past 30 years. July rainfall in Pakistan was almost 200% above seasonal norms[2]. The rains caused urban flooding and uncontrollable flash floods and landslides throughout the country.

On 25 August, Pakistan declared a state of emergency, and as of 1 September, 80 out of the country’s 130 districts have been declared ‘calamity hit’ by the authorities, with an expectation that this number will remain on the increase. Out of the 33 million people reported by the Government of Pakistan (GoP) as being affected across the country, these three provinces only total a population of over 18 million including an estimated 85,500 people living in camps as a result of the floods and subsequent destructions.

Pakistan has  been facing multi-layered and compelxe crises for the last decade: Economic& social crisis, Regional migratory movement putting the Governement under pressure (mostly Afghan refugees), an Healthy system particularly fragile, a rising insecurity crisis and natural disasters due to the climate changes. The 2022 Floods are a perfect example of it.

The floods caused by these heavy rains have resulted in an estimated 1,208 casualties, as well as significant destruction of infrastructure. The National Disaster Management Authority (NDA) reported nearly 450,000 private houses fully destroyed and nearly 750,000 damaged, mostly in Sindh province. Public infrastructure has also been severely hit, including roads (with most of the nearly 5,000km of damaged roads in KP, Sindh and Baluchistan: thousand of kilometers or road have been destroyed)) and bridges, which has restricted local populations’ capacity to seek refuge in safer areas and impeded responders’ capacity to deliver assistance. Health facilities and schools have also been affected, including many being occupied by families as 3M people are reported displaced.

In particular, 3 provinces (Baluchistan, Sindh & Khyber-Pakhtunkwa)  has been severely impacted- including Sindh Provinces

  • Sindh, which has received nearly six times its 30-year average rainfall, and where 23 districts have been declared ‘calamity hit’. Almost all urban and rural areas of the provinces have bene flooded with sewage-mixed rainwater, while floods have washed away the standing crops claimed a high number of livestock.

According to the latest OCHA situation report:Food security, livelihood-related assistance and public health are the biggest concerns: based on the latest analysis by UNOSAT, an estimated 4.5 million people remain exposed to or living close to flooded areas.

Food security has deteriorated with people sliding from IPC Phase 3 to IPC Phase 4 conditions. Evidence shows that people affected by floods are increasingly relying on negative coping strategies, such as selling income-producing assets, increased debt, withdrawal of children from school and skipping meals. The majority of the 14.6 million people in need of food and livelihood-related assistance live in rural areas and rely upon agriculture and livestock for their livelihoods. Farmers who have missed the current planting season (Rabi/winter) due to lack of access to agricultural inputs need to be prioritized in terms of support for Kharif (summer) season starting from April.
Public health concerns are high in flood-affected areas as there are continued pockets of high malaria incidences, with high malaria positivity rates reported at least in 12 flood-affected districts of Sindh and Balochistan. Currently, sporadic cases of cholera are being reported with the potential to spread given the poor access to safe water and sanitation. Around 1.6
million severely malnourished children are in need of life-saving assistance and close to 80,000 children need urgent medical interventions due to SAM-related medical complications.

 

Besides, according to different meetings with INGO, they all come to the same conclusions: the needs are huge and significant in Pakistan but there is a strong lack of actors with very few INGO intervening (less than 100).

 

This mission is realized in the framework of a multisector needs assessments including WaSH, Health, Food Security and Livelihoods sectors. Therefore, strong links should be established both in the needs assessments and the responses propositions.

[1] Dawn, “Climate change to cost Pakistan $3.8bn yearly”, 19/05/22, consulté en ligne le 10/10/22, https://www.dawn.com/news/1624382/climate-change-to-cost-pakistan-38bn-yearly

[2] Reuters, « Pakistan appels for international assistance after floods”, 24/08/22, consulté en ligne le 10/10/22, https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/pakistan-appeals-international-assistance-after-floods-2022-08-24/

Objectives:

General Objective: undertake a Water, Sanitation and Hygiene needs assessment and design potential responses with costs estimates.

Locations: Islamabad, Sindh province (Sukkur, Karachi- TBC)

 

Specific Objectives:

  • Identify needs related to water, sanitation, hygiene, key vulnerabilities, key geographic areas and specific vulnerabilities with a focus on floods.
  • Propose key strategic axes and typical projects and activities with quantitative estimates.

BUDGET

The budget will be proposed by the consultant as part of the financial proposal/quote.

 

Interested parties should submit in English:

  • A technical proposal presenting:
  • A technical proposal presenting the methodology proposed as well as an understanding of the challenges of the proposed Terms of Reference (ToR)
  • A financial offer including a detailed budget by headings (fees, travel, other costs)
  • The timeline presenting the details for the realization of each phase of the consultancy.
  • An updated CV
  • Exemple of deliverable from previous assignments
  • Professional references

For more information, go to Term of Reference

Applicants should send all documentation in electronic format to [email protected]
Cc: Tinou-paï Blanc: [email protected]

 

The deadline for submissions will be 18 April 2023,

Mission to be done mid May – end of June ideally (July can be discussed). The exact period will be confirmed according to the visas.

Date limite de réponse : Clôturé

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